In class: review of The Rhetorical Triangle
Practice with commercials CLASS HANDOUT / COPY BELOW
NOTE THAT IF YOU ARE ABSENT, YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ASSIGNMENT.
NOTE THAT IF YOU ARE ABSENT, YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ASSIGNMENT.
Due Friday: vocabulary test on literary and rhetorical terms 2 on Monday, May19 class handout /copy below
The Rhetorical Triangle
Aristotle
taught that a speaker's ability to persuade is based on how well the speaker appeals to his or
her audience in three different areas:
ethos
(ethical appeals), pathos (emotional appeals), and logos(logical appeals). These areas form something
that later rhetoricians have called the Rhetorical Triangle.
Logos
••"Logos"
corresponds with the argument's "logical appeals," that is, how well
the reader uses the "text" of his own argument and evidence.
Effective arguments will probably include facts and other supporting details to
back up the author's claims. They may contain testimony from
authorities and will demonstrate the writer's carefulness in choosing and
considering evidence. They are likely to be well organized, skillfully written,
and well edited/proofread. Questions to consider: What is being argued here, or
what is the author's thesis? What points does he offer to support this idea?
Has he presented arguments that seem logical, or does he seem to be jumping to
conclusions? Can you think of kinds of writing that rely exclusively on logical
appeals? Do they bore you?
Ethos
Does she seem knowledgeable and reasonable? Does she seem trustworthy? Does she treat her opponents, people who
might disagree, with fairness and respect, or does she take cheap shots at
them? Does she try to establish common ground with the reader? Why do you think
essays that lack this kind of appeal are likely to be unconvincing? What effect
do you think it would have if a writer included nothing but ethical
appeals?
Pathos
"Pathos"
refers to the argument's "emotional appeals," that is, how well the
writer taps into the reader's emotions Many times, this appeal is how a
writer will make an argument "matter" to readers. Advertisements do it
all the time. Perhaps a writer will offer an anecdote to illustrate suffering
or appeal to readers as parents concerned for their children. Does the writer appeal to your emotions—feelings of sadness, pride, fear, being
young, anger, patriotism, love, justice? On the other hand, is the essay loaded
with facts, figures, and nothing else? Is the emotional appeal effective or
overwhelming?
commercial 1: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=owGykVbfgUE
commercial 3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CXliYl9qM8k
commercial 2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtWRCIkFl00
commercial 3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CXliYl9qM8k
commercial 2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtWRCIkFl00
Literary and rhetorical terms 2 test on Monday, May 16
1. hypothetical- (adjective)-an assumption granted for the
sake of argument
2. idiom (noun)-a way of speaking that
is peculiar to a region, group or class
3. imagery- (noun)- language that brings
to mind sense impressions
4. irony (noun)- a technique that draws
awareness to the discrepancy between what is and what seems to be
5. eulogy (noun)- a formal statement of
praise
6. colloquialism (noun)- an informal
expression or slang terms
7. denotation (noun)- the explicit meaning
of a word
8. connotation (noun)- the implied
meaning of a word
9. epitaph- (noun)- a brief statement to
memorialize a deceased person
10.
free
verse- (noun)- an open form of poetry that does not use consistent meter or
rhyme
Class handout on commercials
Class handout on commercials
Name__________________________________
Note: if you are absent, you are responsible for the
following.
logos- (noun)- a mode of
persuasion that uses logic and reason as a means to convince an audience of the
presenter’s
ethos-(noun)-a mode of
persuasion that uses ethical appeal as a means to convince an audience of the
author’s credibility or character. Example:
pathos-(noun)- a mode of
persuasion that uses emotion to convince an audience of the presenter’s
argument.
You are watching three commercials today. For each, write a
short statement (complete sentence, please) that explains what rhetorical device
is being used. Support with specifics from the clip.
Commercial 1: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=owGykVbfgUE
commercial 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CXliYl9qM8k
commercial 3: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtWRCIkFl00
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